Satellite platform is composed of satellite body and support system.Generally,it can be divided into two parts:satellite platform and payload.Satellite platform is a combination of all service systems that support and ensure the normal operation of payload.
Communication system
The working principle is to communicate with the ground communication station or other satellites through the receiving and sending equipment on the satellite.The communication system can use different frequency bands and satellite beams to achieve different communication services,such as broadcasting,telephony,data transmission,etc.
Energy system
Mainly composed of solar panels and battery packs,through solar energy conversion and electrical energy storage,to provide the energy supply required by the satellite platform.
1.Solar panels:Satellite platforms are usually equipped with solar panels to convert sunlight into electricity.
2.Battery pack:The electricity generated by the solar panels will be stored in the battery pack of the satellite platform for use at night or on cloudy days
Space control system
used to control the orbit,attitude and attitude stability of the satellite,usually consisting of the propulsion system,attitude control system and navigation system.The propulsion system can change the orbit of the satellite by spraying propellants or thrusters,the attitude control system is used to control the orientation and stability of the satellite,and the navigation system is used to determine the position and speed information of the satellite.
1.Attitude control system:control the attitude of the satellite,including attitude stabilization and attitude adjustment.This is usually done with devices such as gyroscopes,thrusters,and reaction wheels.
2.Orbit control system:control the orbit of the satellite,including the change and adjustment of the orbit.This is usually achieved through propulsion systems,which can use chemical propellants or electric propulsion systems.
3.Propulsion system:Provides the thrust required for the satellite to move and adjust its orbit.It can use a number of different propellants,including chemical propellants and electric propulsion systems.
Payload system
Equipment and instruments used to achieve its mission,such as antennas,cameras,scientific instruments,etc.The payload system is designed and implemented according to the mission requirements of the satellite and can perform different types of measurement,observation or communication services.
The working principle usually includes the following steps:
1.Sensor receiving data:Sensors in the payload system can receive signals or data from the ground or space,
2.Data processing and analysis:The received data is processed and analyzed by the data processor in the load system
3.Data storage:The processed data will be stored in the storage device of the payload system
4.Data transmission:The load system will transmit the processed data to the ground station or other designated receiving equipment.
5.Control and adjustment:Some load systems may also include control and adjustment functions to adjust the data as needed
Navigation and positioning system
A system used by a satellite platform to determine its position and speed,mainly Global positioning System(GPS)and inertial navigation system.GPS determines the position and speed of the satellite by receiving satellite signals from the ground,and the inertial navigation system determines the motion state of the satellite by measuring acceleration and angular velocity.
To sum up,these systems together constitute the satellite platform,ensuring that the satellite can operate normally and complete its tasks.Satellite platforms,as an important component of satellites,play a crucial role in the design and operation of satellites.